Self-Perpetuation of States• Once state systems have been established, they tend to decline and reoccur overthousands of years• Between states there are periods of what are often called “decline” when commonpeople have more autonomy… archaeologically we see elite residences used bycommoners and community infrastructure falling apart• These periods can last for thousands or hundreds of years, or only a few years…(see example of French Revolution)• Some regions are more prone to State-run authority than others…WHAT MAKES A REGION MORE PRONE TO STATE-LEVEL AUTHORITY?

Several factors can make a region more prone to state-level authority:

1. Resource Availability: Regions rich in resources are more likely to develop state-level societies. These resources can be natural, like fertile land, minerals, or water bodies, or human resources like a large population. The availability of resources can support the development of complex social structures, including a state-level authority.

2. Geographic Location: The geographical location of a region can also influence its propensity towards state-level authority. Regions that are easily accessible or strategically located (like crossroads of trade routes) are more likely to develop state-level societies.

3. Cultural Factors: The cultural beliefs and practices of a region can also influence its propensity towards state-level authority. For example, regions with a history of hierarchical social structures may be more prone to state-level authority.

4. External Influences: External influences, such as the presence of powerful neighboring states or the impact of colonization, can also lead to the development of state-level authority in a region.

5. Historical Precedents: Regions with a history of state-level societies are more likely to reestablish such systems after periods of decline. This is because the infrastructure, knowledge, and cultural memory of state-level authority can be passed down and reused.

6. Economic Factors: Regions with advanced economies, characterized by specialized professions and trade, are more likely to develop state-level societies. This is because economic complexity often requires centralized coordination and regulation.

7. Social Organization: Regions where social organization is complex, with clear hierarchies and divisions of labor, are more likely to develop state-level authority. This is because such social structures can facilitate the establishment and maintenance of state-level authority.