Using the coding strand below, make a template strand and transcribe to mRNA.Then, translate the mRNA into a protein (note: Indicate the 5 prime ends and 3 primeends in your template and mRNA strand. In your protein, indicate the amino terminaland carboxyl terminal)5’-----ATGGGGCTCAGCGAC----- 3’Template:mRNA:Protein:2. Encircle the correct lettered answer: Transcription of the following sequence of atryptophan operon occurs in the direction indicated by the arrow. What would be thebase sequence of the mRNA produced?3’-----CGCCGCTGCGCG ---- 5’Transcription  Which product?5’-----GCGGCGACGCGC----- 5’19A. 5’-----GCGGCGACGCGC ---- 3’B. 5’-----GCGCGUCGCCGC ---- 3’C. 5’-----GCGCGTGCGGCG ---- 3’D. 5’-----GCGGCGUCGCGC ---- 3’E. 5’-----CGCGCTCGCCGC ----- 3’3. Encircle the correct letter answer: The base sequence of codons 57-58 in thecytochrome Beta-5 reductase gene is CAGCGC. The mRNA produced upontranscription of this gene will contain the sequence:A. GCGCTGB. CUGCGCC. GCGCUGD. CAGCGCE. GUCGCG4. Refer the normal coding strand below:ATG GCA AAT CGT TTT TTA CCT ATA GGGUsing the genetic code as your guide, illustrate coding strands that show a silentmutation, a missense mutation, a nonsense mutation, and a frameshift mutation.Silent mutation:Missense mutation:Nonsense mutation:Frameshift mutation:20First position (5’ End) Second position Third position (3’ End)U C A GUPhe Ser Tyr Cys UPhe Ser Tyr Cys CLeu Ser STOP STOP ALeu Ser STOP Trp GCLeu Pro His Arg ULeu Pro His Arg CLeu Pro Gln Arg ALeu Pro Gln Arg GAIle Thr Asn Ser UIle Thr Asn Ser CIle Thr Lys Arg AMet Thr Lys Arg GGVal Ala Asp Gly UVal Ala Asp Gly CVal Ala Glu Gly AVal Ala Glu Gly G5. Refer to the pedigree below:21Is this trait dominant or recessive? Explain your answer.Is this trait autosomal or X-linked? Explain your answer.Give examples of diseases that exhibit this mode of inheritance.6. Illustrate a three-generation pedigree showing mitochondrial inheritance. Give examples

1. To make a template strand, we need to replace each base with its complementary base. In this case, the template strand would be 3’-----TACCCCGAGTCGCT-----5’.

To transcribe the template strand to mRNA, we need to replace each base with its complementary base, except for thymine (T) which is replaced with uracil (U). The mRNA strand would be 5’-----AUGGGGCUAGCGAC-----3’.

To translate the mRNA into a protein, we need to use the genetic code. Each set of three bases (codon) corresponds to an amino acid. Starting from the 5’ end, the codons in the mRNA strand would be AUG, GGG, CUA, GCG, AC. Using the genetic code, the corresponding amino acids would be methionine (Met), glycine (Gly), leucine (Leu), alanine (Ala), and threonine (Thr).

The protein would be represented as Met-Gly-Leu-Ala-Thr, with the amino terminal (N-terminus) at the methionine and the carboxyl terminal (C-terminus) at the threonine.

2. The direction of transcription is indicated by the arrow, which is from 3’ to 5’. To transcribe the given sequence, we need to replace each base with its complementary base, except for thymine (T) which is replaced with uracil (U). The mRNA produced would be 5’-----GCGGCGACGCGC-----3’.

The correct answer is B. 5’-----GCGCGUCGCCGC-----3’.

3. The base sequence of codons 57-58 in the cytochrome Beta-5 reductase gene is CAGCGC. To transcribe this gene, we need to replace each base with its complementary base, except for thymine (T) which is replaced with uracil (U). The mRNA produced would contain the sequence 5’-----GUCGCG-----3’.

The correct answer is E. GUCGCG.

4. Silent mutation: ATG GCA AAT CGT TTT TTA CCT ATA GGG Missense mutation: ATG GCA AAT CGT TTT TTA CCT ATA GGG Nonsense mutation: ATG GCA AAT CGT TTT TTA CCT ATA GGG Frameshift mutation: ATG GCA AAT CGT TTT TTA CCT ATA GGG

5. The trait in the pedigree appears to be dominant because it is present in every generation. Dominant traits are expressed even if only one copy of the gene is inherited.

The trait appears to be autosomal because it is present in both males and females. Autosomal traits are located on non-sex chromosomes.

Examples of diseases that exhibit dominant inheritance include Huntington's disease and Marfan syndrome.

6. A three-generation pedigree showing mitochondrial inheritance would have the trait passed down through the maternal lineage. The trait would be present in all offspring of affected mothers, regardless of their gender.

Examples of diseases that exhibit mitochondrial inheritance include Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy and mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS).