Ex : For the AM waveform shown below, determine a) Peak amplitude of the upper and lower side frequencies b) Peak amplitude of the unmodulated carrier c) Peak change in the amplitude of the envelope d) Coefficient of modulation Percent modulation

a) To determine the peak amplitude of the upper and lower side frequencies in the AM waveform, we need to identify the highest points of the waveform on both sides. The upper side frequency corresponds to the highest point on the positive half of the waveform, while the lower side frequency corresponds to the highest point on the negative half of the waveform. Measure the vertical distance from the baseline to these highest points to find the peak amplitudes of the upper and lower side frequencies.

b) To determine the peak amplitude of the unmodulated carrier, we need to identify the highest point of the unmodulated carrier waveform. This is the portion of the waveform that remains constant and is not affected by modulation. Measure the vertical distance from the baseline to this highest point to find the peak amplitude of the unmodulated carrier.

c) To determine the peak change in the amplitude of the envelope, we need to identify the highest and lowest points of the envelope waveform. The envelope waveform represents the varying amplitude of the modulated signal. Measure the vertical distance between the highest and lowest points of the envelope to find the peak change in amplitude.

d) The coefficient of modulation can be calculated by dividing the peak change in the amplitude of the envelope by the peak amplitude of the unmodulated carrier. This ratio represents the extent of modulation in the AM waveform.

e) The percent modulation can be calculated by multiplying the coefficient of modulation by 100. This gives us the percentage of modulation in the AM waveform.