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Statement I: The decrease in first ionization enthalpy from B to Al is much larger than that from Al to Ga.Statement II: The d orbitals in Ga are completely filled.In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given belowStatement I is incorrect but statement II is correct.Both the statements I and II are correctStatement I is correct but statement II is incorrectBoth the statements I and II are incorrect

Question

Statement I: The decrease in first ionization enthalpy from B to Al is much larger than that from Al to Ga.Statement II: The d orbitals in Ga are completely filled.In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given belowStatement I is incorrect but statement II is correct.Both the statements I and II are correctStatement I is correct but statement II is incorrectBoth the statements I and II are incorrect

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Solution

Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect.

Explanation:

Statement I: The decrease in first ionization enthalpy from B to Al is much larger than that from Al to Ga. This statement is correct. Ionization enthalpy decreases down the group due to increase in atomic size. The atomic size of Al is much larger than B, hence the decrease in ionization enthalpy from B to Al is much larger. However, the atomic size of Ga is not much larger than Al, hence the decrease in ionization enthalpy from Al to Ga is not as large.

Statement II: The d orbitals in Ga are completely filled. This statement is incorrect. The electronic configuration of Ga (Gallium) is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1. This shows that the 3d orbitals are completely filled, but not the 4d orbitals. The 4d orbitals are in fact empty in Ga.

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