1. Describe two variables that affect the rate of diffusion. __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Why do you think the urea was not able to diffuse through the 20 MWCO membrane? How well did the results compare with your prediction? __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Describe the results of the attempts to diffuse glucose and albumin through the 200 MWCO membrane. How well did the results compare with your prediction? __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Put the following in order from smallest to largest molecular weight: glucose, sodium chloride, albumin, and urea. __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ Simulated Facilitated Diffusion 1. Explain one way in which facilitated diffusion is the same as simple diffusion and one way in which it differs. __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. The larger value obtained when more glucose carriers were present corresponds to an increase in the rate of glucose transport. Explain why the rate increased. How well did the results compare with your prediction? __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Explain your prediction for the effect Na+Cl- might have on glucose transport. In other words, explain why you picked the choice that you did. How well did the results compare with your prediction? __________________________________________________________________________________________________ Simulating Osmotic Pressure 1. Explain the effect that increasing the Na+Cl- concentration had on osmotic pressure and why it has this effect. How well did the results compare with your prediction? __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Describe one way in which osmosis is similar to simple diffusion and one way in which it is different. __________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Solutes are sometimes measured in milliosmoles. Explain the statement, "Water chases milliosmoles"
Question
- Describe two variables that affect the rate of diffusion.
- Why do you think the urea was not able to diffuse through the 20 MWCO membrane? How well did the results compare with your prediction?
- Describe the results of the attempts to diffuse glucose and albumin through the 200 MWCO membrane. How well did the results compare with your prediction?
- Put the following in order from smallest to largest molecular weight: glucose, sodium chloride, albumin, and urea.
Simulated Facilitated Diffusion
- Explain one way in which facilitated diffusion is the same as simple diffusion and one way in which it differs.
- The larger value obtained when more glucose carriers were present corresponds to an increase in the rate of glucose transport. Explain why the rate increased. How well did the results compare with your prediction?
- Explain your prediction for the effect Na+Cl- might have on glucose transport. In other words, explain why you picked the choice that you did. How well did the results compare with your prediction?
Simulating Osmotic Pressure
- Explain the effect that increasing the Na+Cl- concentration had on osmotic pressure and why it has this effect. How well did the results compare with your prediction?
- Describe one way in which osmosis is similar to simple diffusion and one way in which it is different.
- Solutes are sometimes measured in milliosmoles. Explain the statement, "Water chases milliosmoles"
Solution
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Two variables that affect the rate of diffusion are the concentration gradient and the temperature. The concentration gradient refers to the difference in concentration of a substance across a space or a membrane. The greater the difference in concentration, the faster the rate of diffusion. Temperature also affects the rate of diffusion. As temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the particles also increases, causing them to move and mix with each other more rapidly.
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Urea was not able to diffuse through the 20 MWCO membrane because its molecular weight is larger than the pore size of the membrane. The results were consistent with my prediction as substances cannot pass through a membrane if their molecular weight is larger than the membrane's MWCO.
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Glucose was able to diffuse through the 200 MWCO membrane because its molecular weight is smaller than the pore size of the membrane. However, albumin was not able to diffuse because its molecular weight is larger than the membrane's MWCO. The results were consistent with my prediction.
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From smallest to largest molecular weight: Sodium Chloride, Urea, Glucose, Albumin.
Simulated Facilitated Diffusion
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Facilitated diffusion is similar to simple diffusion in that both processes move substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. However, facilitated diffusion differs in that it requires the help of transport proteins to move substances across the cell membrane.
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The rate of glucose transport increased with more glucose carriers because these carriers facilitate the movement of glucose across the cell membrane. The results were consistent with my prediction.
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I predicted that Na+Cl- would not have an effect on glucose transport because glucose transport is facilitated by specific carrier proteins, not by ions. The results were consistent with my prediction.
Simulating Osmotic Pressure
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Increasing the Na+Cl- concentration increased the osmotic pressure because osmotic pressure is directly proportional to the concentration of solute particles. The results were consistent with my prediction.
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Osmosis is similar to simple diffusion in that both processes involve the movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. However, osmosis differs in that it specifically involves the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.
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The statement "Water chases milliosmoles" means that water will move towards areas with higher concentrations of solute particles (measured in milliosmoles) in an attempt to equalize the concentration on both sides of a membrane. This is the principle behind osmosis.
Similar Questions
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Which of the following statements is correct?The higher the temperature, the slower the rate of diffusion.The smaller the area, the faster the rate of diffusion.The longer the diffusion distance, the faster the rate of diffusion.The bigger the difference in concentration, the faster the rate of diffusion.
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