Which of the following is a risk factor for heart disease?Being overweightBeing underweightRegular exerciseLow cholesterol levels2In coronary heart disease:The heart beats too quicklyThe heart beats too slowlyThe heart valves do not work properlyThe arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle become narrow3Which of the following is a risk associated with fitting a stent?Blood lossRejectionThrombosis/blood clotRequires general anaesthetic 4Statins may be prescribed to anyone at risk of cardiovascular disease. They work by:Suppressing the immune systemReducing the production of cholesterol by the liverIncreasing the production of cholesterol by the liverBreaking down cholesterol5Doctors can operate and replace faulty heart valves. What is a disadvantage of using a mechanical rather than a biological valve? More likely to be rejected Requires anti-coagulation medicationDoes not last as longRequires a close tissue match6In heart transplant operations, what is an advantage of using a natural donor heart rather than an artificial heart?Less likely to be rejected Does not require life-long medicationLonger lastingGood availability

Being overweight is a risk factor for heart disease. Being underweight, regular exercise, and low cholesterol levels are generally not considered risk factors.

In coronary heart disease, the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle become narrow. This is not typically associated with the heart beating too quickly or too slowly, or the heart valves not working properly.

A risk associated with fitting a stent is thrombosis/blood clot. Blood loss, rejection, and requiring general anaesthetic are not typically considered risks of this procedure.

Statins may be prescribed to anyone at risk of cardiovascular disease. They work by reducing the production of cholesterol by the liver. They do not suppress the immune system, increase the production of cholesterol by the liver, or break down cholesterol.

A disadvantage of using a mechanical rather than a biological valve is that it requires anti-coagulation medication. It is not more likely to be rejected, does not last as long, and does not require a close tissue match.

An advantage of using a natural donor heart rather than an artificial heart in heart transplant operations is that it is less likely to be rejected. It does not require life-long medication, is not necessarily longer lasting, and good availability is not typically considered an advantage.