What form of discrimination is highlighted in the excerpt below? (1 mark). Clearly outlinethe position a human rights activist would take in relation to this issue. (2 marks)24. Evaluate the relevance of the Hippocratic Oath in today’s world in relation to euthanasiaand the duty principle (3 marks).5. The last reported execution of a convicted murderer in Fiji occurred in September 1964. The21 year old man, Narayan, from the Central Division killed his wife, 3 month old child and80 year old grandfather. He committed the crimes on suspicion that his wife was having anaffair with his grandfather (http://www.fijitimes.com/story.aspx?id=274298).Present one argument in support of Narayan’s execution and one argument against hisexecution using the utility and formula of humanity principles. (3 marks)6. You have woken up in New York on 21 January 1973 to this newspaper headline. Write aletter to the editor highlighting your reaction from a deontological position (3 marks).7. “The only defensible war is a war of defense” (Gilbert Chesterton). Critically evaluate thisquotation in relation to moral autonomy and one approach to governance. (3 marks)A ‘black’ passenger claims she was forced to give up her first class seat, while herCaucasian friend was allowed to stay traveling on American Airlines flight 5389 leavingfrom to Kentucky for Charlotte, N.C. with a friend. The pair expected to receive the VIPexperience, but to Rane Baldwin‘s surprise, her ticket was downgraded to a seat at theback of the plane when the agent scanned her ticket. Initially, Baldwin wasn’t offered anyinformation regarding the switch, but upon questioning, an attendant explained that shewas given a new seat due to the limited number of first class seats on the plane. “I’venever felt so unimportant my entire life………when my ticket was changed and Janet’s wasnot, I felt like I was being sent to the back of the bus. I just kept wondering if I was in somesort of time warp and asking myself, ‘Is this what it felt like to be black 60 years ago?'”Source: http://www.msn.com/en-us/travel/news/black-passenger-allegedly-forced-to-give-up-first-class-seat-on-american-airlines/ar-BBAXDee?li=BBnb4R7&ocid=SNYDH ,May 10, 2017

The form of discrimination highlighted in the excerpt is racial discrimination. A human rights activist would argue that this incident is a clear violation of the principles of equality and non-discrimination. They would emphasize the need for strict enforcement of anti-discrimination laws and policies to ensure that all individuals, regardless of their race, are treated equally and with respect.

The relevance of the Hippocratic Oath in today’s world in relation to euthanasia and the duty principle can be evaluated as follows:

• The Hippocratic Oath emphasizes the duty of doctors to do no harm, which can be interpreted as a prohibition against euthanasia.
• However, in modern times, the principle of patient autonomy and the relief of suffering are also considered important. Some argue that euthanasia, when performed with the patient's consent, aligns with the duty to alleviate suffering.
• The duty principle requires healthcare professionals to act in the best interest of their patients, which can sometimes include respecting their wishes for euthanasia in cases of unbearable suffering.

One argument in support of Narayan’s execution using the utility principle is that it serves as a deterrent to others, potentially reducing the incidence of similar crimes and thus benefiting society as a whole. An argument against his execution using the formula of humanity principle is that it treats Narayan as a means to an end (deterrence) rather than as an end in himself, failing to respect his inherent dignity and worth as a human being.

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A letter to the editor from a deontological position might highlight the following points:

• Deontological ethics focuses on the adherence to moral rules and duties.
• The headline likely pertains to a significant event or decision that raises moral questions.
• The letter would emphasize the importance of following ethical principles and duties, regardless of the consequences, and might critique any actions or decisions that violate these principles.

The quotation “The only defensible war is a war of defense” can be critically evaluated as follows:

• Moral autonomy involves the ability to make ethical decisions based on one’s own principles and values.
• From a governance perspective, a defensive war can be justified as it aims to protect the sovereignty and safety of a nation.
• However, the approach to governance should also consider the broader implications of war, including the ethical responsibility to seek peaceful resolutions and the impact on innocent lives.