Take about 10 mL of water each in two test tubes.n Add a drop of oil (cooking oil) to both the test tubesand label them as A and B.n To test tube B, add a few drops of soap solution.n Now shake both the test tubes vigourously forthe same period of time.n Can you see the oil and water layers separatelyin both the test tubes immediately after youstop shaking them?n Leave the test tubes undisturbed for some timeand observe. Does the oil layer separate out?In which test tube does this happen first?

Take two test tubes with about 10 mL of hard water in each.n Add five drops of soap solution to one and five drops of detergentsolution to the other.n Shake both test tubes for the same period.n Do both test tubes have the same amount of foam?n In which test tube is a curdy solid formed?

Take about 10 mL of distilled water (or rain water) and 10 mL ofhard water (from a tubewell or hand-pump) in separate test tubes.n Add a couple of drops of soap solution to both.n Shake the test tubes vigorously for an equal period of time andobserve the amount of foam formed.n In which test tube do you get more foam?n In which test tube do you observe a white curdy precipitate?

Take 5mL of the temporary hard water and add 2mL of soap solution. Shake vigorously.What is the result?

Take another 10mL of the temporary hard water and boil for 5 minutes. Filter, then add 5mL of soap solution to the filtrate and shake.What is the result?________________________________________________________________________________________Is the water hard?________________________________________________________________________________________Why is this type of harness called “temporary hardness”?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What other substances cause temporary hardness?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Write the equation for removal of temporary hardness by heating.________________________________________________________________________________________Give 3 other methods of removing temporary hardness in water.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

You have been provided with three test tubes. One of them containsdistilled water and the other two contain an acidic solution and a basicsolution, respectively. If you are given only red litmus paper, how willyou identify the contents of each test tube?