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If an asset exchange has commercial substance, a gain or loss is recorded based on the difference between the value of the asset given up and the market value of the asset received.

Question

If an asset exchange has commercial substance, a gain or loss is recorded based on the difference between the value of the asset given up and the market value of the asset received.

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Solution

Yes, that's correct. When an asset exchange has commercial substance, it means that the future cash flows of the business are expected to change significantly as a result of the transaction.

Here are the steps to record a gain or loss in such a transaction:

  1. Determine the book value (original cost minus accumulated depreciation) of the asset given up.

  2. Determine the fair market value of the asset received.

  3. Calculate the difference between the book value of the asset given up and the fair market value of the asset received.

  4. If the fair market value of the asset received is greater than the book value of the asset given up, record a gain. If it's less, record a loss.

  5. The gain or loss is reported on the income statement and it affects the company's net income for the period.

Remember, this is only applicable if the exchange has commercial substance. If it doesn't, the transaction is recorded at the book value of the asset given up, and no gain or loss is recognized.

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