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An object is released from rest in a vacuum at a height H above the Earth’s surface.As the object falls it passes a point at a height of 0.75H above the surface.What is kinetic energy of the object at a height of 0.75gravitatiHoonal potential energy of the object at a height of H

Question

An object is released from rest in a vacuum at a height H above the Earth’s surface.As the object falls it passes a point at a height of 0.75H above the surface.What is kinetic energy of the object at a height of 0.75gravitatiHoonal potential energy of the object at a height of H

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Solution

Para resolver esta pregunta, sigamos los siguientes pasos:

  1. Identificar las energías involucradas:

    • Energía potencial gravitatoria (E_p) en la altura H.
    • Energía cinética (E_k) en la altura 0.75H.
  2. Energía potencial gravitatoria inicial (E_p) en la altura H: La energía potencial gravitatoria se calcula con la fórmula: Ep=mgH E_p = m \cdot g \cdot H donde:

    • m m es la masa del objeto,
    • g g es la aceleración debida a la gravedad,
    • H H es la altura inicial.
  3. Energía potencial gravitatoria en la altura 0.75H: La nueva altura es 0.75H, por lo que la energía potencial en esta altura es: Ep=mg(0.75H)=0.75mgH E_p' = m \cdot g \cdot (0.75H) = 0.75 \cdot m \cdot g \cdot H

  4. Conservación de la energía mecánica: En ausencia de fricción (como en un vacío), la energía mecánica total se conserva. Esto significa que la suma de la energía potencial y la energía cinética en cualquier punto es igual a la energía potencial inicial en la altura H.

    Energía mecánica total en la altura H: Etotal=Ep=mgH E_{total} = E_p = m \cdot g \cdot H

    Energía mecánica total en la altura 0.75H: Etotal=Ep+Ek E_{total} = E_p' + E_k

  5. Calcular la energía cinética (E_k) en la altura 0.75H: Sabemos que la energía mecánica total se conserva, por lo tanto: mgH=0.75mgH+Ek m \cdot g \cdot H = 0.75 \cdot m \cdot g \cdot H + E_k

    Despejamos Ek E_k : Ek=mgH0.75mgH E_k = m \cdot g \cdot H - 0.75 \cdot m \cdot g \cdot H Ek=(10.75)mgH E_k = (1 - 0.75) \cdot m \cdot g \cdot H Ek=0.25mgH E_k = 0.25 \cdot m \cdot g \cdot H

Por lo tanto, la energía cinética del objeto a una altura de 0.75H es: Ek=0.25mgH E_k = 0.25 \cdot m \cdot g \cdot H

This problem has been solved

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