An object is released from rest in a vacuum at a height H above the Earth’s surface.As the object falls it passes a point at a height of 0.75H above the surface.What is kinetic energy of the object at a height of 0.75gravitatiHoonal potential energy of the object at a height of H
Question
An object is released from rest in a vacuum at a height H above the Earth’s surface.As the object falls it passes a point at a height of 0.75H above the surface.What is kinetic energy of the object at a height of 0.75gravitatiHoonal potential energy of the object at a height of H
Solution
Para resolver esta pregunta, sigamos los siguientes pasos:
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Identificar las energías involucradas:
- Energía potencial gravitatoria (E_p) en la altura H.
- Energía cinética (E_k) en la altura 0.75H.
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Energía potencial gravitatoria inicial (E_p) en la altura H: La energía potencial gravitatoria se calcula con la fórmula: donde:
- es la masa del objeto,
- es la aceleración debida a la gravedad,
- es la altura inicial.
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Energía potencial gravitatoria en la altura 0.75H: La nueva altura es 0.75H, por lo que la energía potencial en esta altura es:
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Conservación de la energía mecánica: En ausencia de fricción (como en un vacío), la energía mecánica total se conserva. Esto significa que la suma de la energía potencial y la energía cinética en cualquier punto es igual a la energía potencial inicial en la altura H.
Energía mecánica total en la altura H:
Energía mecánica total en la altura 0.75H:
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Calcular la energía cinética (E_k) en la altura 0.75H: Sabemos que la energía mecánica total se conserva, por lo tanto:
Despejamos :
Por lo tanto, la energía cinética del objeto a una altura de 0.75H es:
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