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Some measurements of the initial rate of a certain reaction are given in the table below.N2 H2 initial rate of reaction0.415M 1.92M /0.258Ms0.103M 1.92M /0.0159Ms0.415M 6.45M /0.867MsUse this information to write a rate law for this reaction, and calculate the value of the rate constant k.Round your value for the rate constant to 2 significant digits. Also be sure your answer has the correct unit symbol.

Question

Some measurements of the initial rate of a certain reaction are given in the table below.N2 H2 initial rate of reaction0.415M 1.92M /0.258Ms0.103M 1.92M /0.0159Ms0.415M 6.45M /0.867MsUse this information to write a rate law for this reaction, and calculate the value of the rate constant k.Round your value for the rate constant to 2 significant digits. Also be sure your answer has the correct unit symbol.

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Solution

Para determinar la ley de velocidad y la constante de velocidad k k , primero necesitamos analizar cómo la velocidad inicial de la reacción depende de las concentraciones de N2 N_2 y H2 H_2 .

La ley de velocidad general para esta reacción puede escribirse como: velocidad=k[N2]m[H2]n \text{velocidad} = k [N_2]^m [H_2]^n

Donde m m y n n son los órdenes de reacción respecto a N2 N_2 y H2 H_2 , respectivamente.

Paso 1: Determinar el orden respecto a N2 N_2

Comparando los experimentos 1 y 2, donde la concentración de H2 H_2 es constante:

velocidad1velocidad2=k[N2]1m[H2]1nk[N2]2m[H2]2n \frac{\text{velocidad}_1}{\text{velocidad}_2} = \frac{k [N_2]_1^m [H_2]_1^n}{k [N_2]_2^m [H_2]_2^n}

0.2580.0159=[0.415]m[1.92]n[0.103]m[1.92]n \frac{0.258}{0.0159} = \frac{[0.415]^m [1.92]^n}{[0.103]^m [1.92]^n}

0.2580.0159=(0.4150.103)m \frac{0.258}{0.0159} = \left(\frac{0.415}{0.103}\right)^m

16.23=(4.03)m 16.23 = (4.03)^m

Resolviendo para m m :

m2 m \approx 2

Paso 2: Determinar el orden respecto a H2 H_2

Comparando los experimentos 1 y 3, donde la concentración de N2 N_2 es constante:

velocidad1velocidad3=k[N2]1m[H2]1nk[N2]3m[H2]3n \frac{\text{velocidad}_1}{\text{velocidad}_3} = \frac{k [N_2]_1^m [H_2]_1^n}{k [N_2]_3^m [H_2]_3^n}

0.2580.867=[0.415]m[1.92]n[0.415]m[6.45]n \frac{0.258}{0.867} = \frac{[0.415]^m [1.92]^n}{[0.415]^m [6.45]^n}

0.2580.867=(1.926.45)n \frac{0.258}{0.867} = \left(\frac{1.92}{6.45}\right)^n

0.2976=(0.2977)n 0.2976 = (0.2977)^n

Resolviendo para n n :

n1 n \approx 1

Paso 3: Determinar la constante de velocidad k k

Usamos los valores de m m y n n y cualquier conjunto de datos para calcular k k . Usaremos el primer conjunto de datos:

velocidad=k[N2]2[H2]1 \text{velocidad} = k [N_2]^2 [H_2]^1

0.258=k(0.415)2(1.92) 0.258 = k (0.415)^2 (1.92)

0.258=k(0.172225)(1.92) 0.258 = k (0.172225) (1.92)

0.258=k(0.330672) 0.258 = k (0.330672)

k=0.2580.330672 k = \frac{0.258}{0.330672}

k0.78M2s1 k \approx 0.78 \, \text{M}^{-2} \text{s}^{-1}

Resumen

La ley de velocidad para la reacción es: velocidad=k[N2]2[H2] \text{velocidad} = k [N_2]^2 [H_2]

Y la constante de velocidad k k es: k0.78M2s1 k \approx 0.78 \, \text{M}^{-2} \text{s}^{-1}

This problem has been solved

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