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In what situation might natural selection maintain a recessive allele even if it is harmful?Multiple ChoiceHomozygous recessive individuals have a higher fitness than heterozygous individuals but only rarely survive long enough to reproduce.Homozygous dominant individuals have a higher survival and reproductive rate than individuals that are heterozygous for the same gene.Individuals that are heterozygous for a gene have a higher survival and reproductive rate than individuals that are homozygous for the gene.Mutation rates are high enough that the recessive allele reappears even though it is lethal.

Question

In what situation might natural selection maintain a recessive allele even if it is harmful?Multiple ChoiceHomozygous recessive individuals have a higher fitness than heterozygous individuals but only rarely survive long enough to reproduce.Homozygous dominant individuals have a higher survival and reproductive rate than individuals that are heterozygous for the same gene.Individuals that are heterozygous for a gene have a higher survival and reproductive rate than individuals that are homozygous for the gene.Mutation rates are high enough that the recessive allele reappears even though it is lethal.

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Solution

The situation in which natural selection might maintain a harmful recessive allele is when "Individuals that are heterozygous for a gene have a higher survival and reproductive rate than individuals that are homozygous for the gene." This is known as heterozygote advantage, where the heterozygote genotype has a higher relative fitness than either the homozygote dominant or homozygote recessive genotype. This can maintain and protect the recessive allele in the population, even if it is harmful when homozygous.

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