Contrast genetic diseases and diseases caused by environmental exposure.In your answer, provide ONE example of a genetic disease and ONE example of a disease caused by environmental exposure.4 marks

Genetic diseases and diseases caused by environmental exposure differ in their root causes.

1. Genetic Diseases: These are diseases that are inherited from parents through genes. They are caused by abnormalities or mutations in the DNA within cells. These diseases are present from birth and are usually incurable, although their symptoms can often be managed. An example of a genetic disease is Cystic Fibrosis, a condition that affects the lungs and digestive system. This disease is caused by a mutation in the CFTR gene.

2. Diseases Caused by Environmental Exposure: These diseases are not inherited but are acquired during a person's lifetime. They are caused by exposure to environmental factors such as toxins, radiation, or certain lifestyle choices like diet and exercise. These diseases can often be prevented by avoiding the harmful environmental factor. An example of a disease caused by environmental exposure is lung cancer, which can be caused by exposure to tobacco smoke.

In summary, while genetic diseases are inherited and caused by gene mutations, diseases caused by environmental exposure are acquired during a person's lifetime and can often be prevented.