In which of the following Zia-ul-Haq had the most success between 1977 and 1988:(i) Policy of Islamization; (ii) economic policy; (iii) foreign Policy?Explain your answer with reference to all three of these. [14

General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq was the sixth President of Pakistan, serving from 1978 until his death in 1988. During his presidency, he implemented three major policies: the policy of Islamization, economic policy, and foreign policy.

(i) Policy of Islamization: Zia-ul-Haq is most known for his policy of Islamization, which aimed to make Pakistan a truly Islamic state. He introduced Islamic laws, established Islamic courts, and made Islamic studies compulsory in schools. This policy was successful in terms of implementation as it deeply influenced the social and legal aspects of Pakistani society. However, it also led to sectarian divisions and extremism.

(ii) Economic Policy: Zia-ul-Haq's economic policy was a mix of privatization, deregulation, and encouragement of private sector. His policies led to an average annual growth rate of 6.8% from 1980-85, one of the highest in the world. However, the benefits of this growth were not evenly distributed and the gap between the rich and the poor widened.

(iii) Foreign Policy: Zia-ul-Haq's foreign policy was marked by Pakistan's involvement in the Afghan war, which brought in financial aid and military support from the United States. However, it also led to the influx of millions of Afghan refugees into Pakistan and the spread of guns and drugs.

In conclusion, while Zia-ul-Haq had some level of success in all three policies, his most successful policy in terms of impact and longevity was arguably the policy of Islamization. Despite its negative consequences, it fundamentally transformed Pakistani society and its effects are still felt today. His economic policy, while achieving high growth rates, did not lead to equitable distribution of wealth. His foreign policy had mixed results, with short-term gains but long-term negative consequences.