t involves the insertion of very thin needles through your skin at strategic points on your body. A key component of traditional Chinese medicine  most commonly used to treat pain.*1 pointA. AcupressureB. AcupunctureC. MoxibustionD. Needling

Acupuncturehttp://nccam.nih.gov/health/acupuncture/#visitWhat is acupuncture?1 Acupuncture is one of the oldest, most commonly used medical procedures in the world. Originating in China more than 2,000 years ago, acupuncture began to become better known in the United States in 1971, when New York Times reporter James Reston wrote about how doctors in China used needles to ease his pain after surgery.2 The term acupuncture describes a family of procedures involving stimulation of anatomical points on the body by a variety of techniques. American practices of acupuncture incorporate medical traditions from China, Japan, Korea, and other Eastern countries. The acupuncture technique that has been most studied scientifically involves penetrating the skin with thin, solid, metallic needles that are manipulated by the hands or by electrical stimulation.What does acupuncture feel like?3 Acupuncture needles are metallic, solid, and hair-thin. People experience acupuncture differently, but most feel no or minimal pain as the needles are inserted. Some people are energized by treatment, while others feel relaxed. Improper needle placement, movement of the patient, or a defect in the needle can cause soreness and pain during treatment. This is why it is important to seek treatment from a qualified acupuncture practitioner.Is acupuncture safe?4 The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved acupuncture needles for use by licensed practitioners in 1996. The FDA requires that sterile, nontoxic needles be used and that they be labeled for single use by qualified practitioners only.5 Relatively few complications from the use of acupuncture have been reported to the FDA in light of the millions of people treated each year and the number of acupuncture needles used. Still, complications have resulted from inadequate sterilization of needles and from improper delivery of treatments. Practitioners should use a new set of disposable needles taken from a sealed package for each patient and should swab treatment sites with alcohol or another disinfectant before inserting needles. When not delivered properly, acupuncture can cause serious adverse effects, including infections and punctured organs.How might acupuncture work?6 Acupuncture is one of the key components of the system of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In the TCM system of medicine, the body is seen as a delicate balance of two opposing and inseparable forces: yin and yang. Yin represents the cold, slow, or passive principle, while yang represents the hot, excited, or active principle. Among the major assumptions in TCM are that health is achieved by maintaining the body in a "balanced state" and that disease is due to an internal imbalance of yin and yang. This imbalance leads to blockage in the flow of qi (vital energy) along pathways known as meridians. It is believed that there are 12 main meridians and 8 secondary meridians and that there are more than 2,000 acupuncture points on the human body that connect with them.7 Preclinical studies have documented acupuncture's effects, but they have not been able to fully explain how acupuncture works within the framework of the Western system of medicine that is commonly practiced in the United States. It is proposed that acupuncture produces its effects through regulating the nervous system, thus aiding the activity of pain-killing biochemicals such as endorphins and immune system cells at specific sites in the body. In addition, studies have shown that acupuncture may alter brain chemistry by changing the release of neurotransmitters and neurohormones and, thus, affecting the parts of the central nervous system related to sensation and involuntary body functions, such as immune reactions and processes that regulate a person's blood pressure, blood flow, and body temperature.QuestionWhich statement supports the idea that acupuncture treatments are believed to balance the systems of the body?ResponsesA People not living a balanced life would most likely not benefit from acupuncture.People not living a balanced life would most likely not benefit from acupuncture.B Practitioners from the East and the West agree on the healing benefits of acupuncture.Practitioners from the East and the West agree on the healing benefits of acupuncture.C The body is seen as a delicate balance of two inseparable forces represented by the Yin and the Yang.The body is seen as a delicate balance of two inseparable forces represented by the Yin and the Yang.D An equal number of metallic needles should be placed on either side of the meridian to achieve results.An equal number of metallic needles should be placed on either side of the meridian to achieve results.

It involves the manipulation of the body's soft tissues commonly applied with hands, fingers, elbows, knees, forearms, feet, or a device to treat body stress or pain.*1 pointA. MassageB. HomeopathyC. ReikiD. Yoga

a) Types and indications of patient controlled analgesia in surgical practice. [2.5+2.5]b) Various types of surgical suture needles used in surgical practice. [5

Thursday’s lecture discussed some of the reasons why Chinese medicine should not be analysed as a collection of localised folk treatments or regional traditions. What were some reasons given for this?Group of answer choicesChinese medicine has transformed over time to primarily serve a non-Chinese consumer base.Many Chinese medicine products are now produced in industrialised, highly efficient ways unlike in the past.Many Chinese medicines are now produced through global supply chains of animal and plant materials.Most Chinese medicines now incorporate one or more ‘active ingredients’ from Western biomedicine.

traditional medicine