(d) Write R code to find the 𝑧-multiplier for a 95% confidence interval for the underlying proportion,𝑝. Also, ensure that the 𝑧-multiplier is displayed as R output

Sure, here is the R code to find the z-multiplier for a 95% confidence interval for the underlying proportion, p.

# Use the qnorm function to find the z-multiplier
# qnorm is the R function that calculates the inverse of the CDF of a normal distribution
# The arguments 0.025 and 0.975 are used because the confidence interval is 95% (leaving 2.5% on each tail of the distribution)

z_multiplier <- qnorm(0.975) # for a two-tailed test

# Display the z-multiplier
print(z_multiplier)

This code will give you the z-multiplier for a 95% confidence interval. The qnorm function is used to find the quantile function of the standard normal distribution. The argument 0.975 is used because you want the area to the left of the z-score to be 0.975 (which leaves 0.025 in the right tail, making it a two-tailed test). The result is then printed to the console.