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Distinguish between connective tissue cells on the basis of their appearances

Question

Distinguish between connective tissue cells on the basis of their appearances

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Solution

Connective tissue cells can be distinguished based on their appearances as follows:

  1. Fibroblasts: These are the most common cells in connective tissue. They are large, flat cells with branching processes. They are present in all general connective tissues and are responsible for the production of fibers and ground substance.

  2. Macrophages: These cells are part of the body's immune system and are responsible for phagocytosis (engulfing and then digesting cellular debris, foreign substances, microbes, cancer cells, and anything else that does not have the types of proteins specific to healthy body cells on its surface). They are irregularly shaped and have short branching processes.

  3. Mast Cells: These are large and round cells filled with basophilic granules. They are usually located near blood vessels. They play a crucial role in inflammation and allergic reactions as they release histamine, a chemical that increases the permeability of blood vessels.

  4. Adipocytes: Also known as fat cells, they are large, round, and filled with lipid (fat). They are responsible for storing energy in the form of fat and insulating the body.

  5. Leukocytes: These are white blood cells. They are not found in significant numbers in normal connective tissue, but in times of infection or injury, they migrate from blood vessels into the affected tissues. They are responsible for defending the body against both infectious disease and foreign materials.

  6. Plasma Cells: These are responsible for synthesizing and secreting antibodies, proteins that can neutralize foreign substances. They are round or oval cells with an eccentrically placed nucleus.

  7. Chondrocytes: These are cells found in cartilage. They are round cells that produce and maintain the cartilaginous matrix, which consists mainly of collagen and proteoglycans.

  8. Osteocytes: These are cells found in bone. They are located within spaces called lacunae and have long processes that communicate with other osteocytes. They are responsible for maintaining the bone matrix.

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