Physical Data Independence:

Physical data independence is the ability to modify the physical schema without causing applications to be rewritten. Modifications at the physical level are occasionally necessary to improve performance. This involves the data stored in the database such as insertion, deletion, and modification of a set of data. For example, changes in storage devices or technology.

Logical Data Independence:

Logical data independence is the ability to modify the logical schema without causing application programs to be rewritten. Modifications at the logical level are necessary whenever the logical structure of the database is altered (for example, when money-market accounts are added to a banking system). This involves the changing of tables, columns, and indexes. For example, adding a new column to a table.

In summary, physical data independence deals with hiding the details of the storage structure from user applications. The application should not be impacted due to a change in the physical storage of data. On the other hand, logical data independence shields the application from changes in the logical (conceptual) schema of the database.

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Physical Data Independence:

Physical data independence is the ability to modify the physical schema without causing applications to be rewritten. Modifications at the physical level are occasionally necessary to improve performance. This involves the data stored in the database such as insertion, deletion, and modification of a set of data. For example, changes in storage devices or technology.

Logical Data Independence:

Logical data independence is the ability to modify the logical schema without causing application programs to be rewritten. Modifications at the logical level are necessary whenever the logical structure of the database is altered (for example, when money-market accounts are added to a banking system). This involves the changing of tables, columns, and indexes. For example, adding a new column to a table.

In summary, physical data independence deals with hiding the details of the storage structure from user applications. The application should not be impacted due to a change in the physical storage of data. On the other hand, logical data independence shields the application from changes in the logical (conceptual) schema of the database.

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Physical Data Independence:

Physical data independence is the ability to modify the physical schema without causing applications to be rewritten. Modifications at the physical level are occasionally necessary to improve performance. This involves the data stored in the database such as insertion, deletion, and modification of a set of data. For example, changes in storage devices or technology.

Logical Data Independence:

Logical data independence is the ability to modify the logical schema without causing application programs to be rewritten. Modifications at the logical level are necessary whenever the logical structure of the database is altered (for example, when money-market accounts are added to a banking system). This involves the changing of tables, columns, and indexes. For example, adding a new column to a table.

In summary, physical data independence deals with hiding the details of the storage structure from user applications. The application should not be impacted due to a change in the physical storage of data. On the other hand, logical data independence shields the application from changes in the logical (conceptual) schema of the database.

Differentiate between physical and logical data independence

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