An engineering school reports that 55% of its students were male (M), 40% of its students were between the ages of 18 and 20 (A), and that 25% were both male and between the ages of 18 and 20.What is the probability of a random student being female between the ages of 18 and 20? Assume P(F) = P(not M). 0.15 0.16 0.30 0.40
Question
An engineering school reports that 55% of its students were male (M), 40% of its students were between the ages of 18 and 20 (A), and that 25% were both male and between the ages of 18 and 20.What is the probability of a random student being female between the ages of 18 and 20? Assume P(F) = P(not M). 0.15 0.16 0.30 0.40
Solution
To solve this problem, we first need to understand that the total probability of all events in a sample space is 1.
Given: P(M) = 0.55 (probability of a student being male) P(A) = 0.40 (probability of a student being between the ages of 18 and 20) P(M ∩ A) = 0.25 (probability of a student being both male and between the ages of 18 and 20)
We are asked to find P(F ∩ A), the probability of a student being female and between the ages of 18 and 20.
Since P(F) = P(not M), the probability of a student being female is 1 - P(M) = 1 - 0.55 = 0.45.
The probability of a student being between the ages of 18 and 20 and male or female is P(A) = 0.40.
We know that P(M ∩ A) = 0.25. Therefore, the probability of a student being between the ages of 18 and 20 and female is P(A) - P(M ∩ A) = 0.40 - 0.25 = 0.15.
So, the probability of a random student being female between the ages of 18 and 20 is 0.15.
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