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Consider a perfectly competitive market for frozen meals. The demand for frozen meals is given by P = 80 - 2Qd and the supply of frozen meals is given by P = 9 + Qs. What is the value of Total Surplus? [Round your answer to 2 decimal places]

Question

Consider a perfectly competitive market for frozen meals. The demand for frozen meals is given by P = 80 - 2Qd and the supply of frozen meals is given by P = 9 + Qs. What is the value of Total Surplus? [Round your answer to 2 decimal places]

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Solution

To find the total surplus, we first need to find the equilibrium price and quantity. This is where the quantity demanded (Qd) equals the quantity supplied (Qs).

Setting the demand and supply equations equal to each other:

80 - 2Qd = 9 + Qs

Solving for Q:

71 = 3Q

Q = 71/3 = 23.67

Substituting Q = 23.67 into the demand equation to find the equilibrium price (P):

P = 80 - 2(23.67) = 32.66

Now, we can calculate the consumer surplus (CS), producer surplus (PS), and total surplus (TS).

Consumer surplus is the area above the price line (P) and below the demand curve. It's calculated as:

CS = 0.5 * (Pmax - P) * Q = 0.5 * (80 - 32.66) * 23.67 = 560.67

Producer surplus is the area below the price line (P) and above the supply curve. It's calculated as:

PS = 0.5 * (P - Pmin) * Q = 0.5 * (32.66 - 9) * 23.67 = 280.33

Total surplus is the sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus:

TS = CS + PS = 560.67 + 280.33 = 841.00

So, the total surplus is approximately 841.00.

This problem has been solved

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To find the consumer surplus given the demand function \( P = \frac{100}{Q + 2} \) and the market price \( P = 20 \), follow these steps: 1. **Find the quantity \( Q \) at the market price \( P = 20 \)**: \[ 20 = \frac{100}{Q + 2} \] Solve for \( Q \): \[ 20(Q + 2) = 100 \] \[ 20Q + 40 = 100 \] \[ 20Q = 60 \] \[ Q = 3 \] 2. **Set up the integral for consumer surplus**: Consumer surplus is the area between the demand curve and the market price, from \( Q = 0 \) to \( Q = 3 \): \[ \text{Consumer Surplus} = \int_0^3 \left( \frac{100}{Q + 2} - 20 \right) \, dQ \] 3. **Evaluate the integral**: \[ \int_0^3 \left( \frac{100}{Q + 2} - 20 \right) \, dQ = \int_0^3 \frac{100}{Q + 2} \, dQ - \int_0^3 20 \, dQ \] 4. **Find the antiderivatives**: \[ \int \frac{100}{Q + 2} \, dQ = 100 \ln|Q + 2| + C \] \[ \int 20 \, dQ = 20Q + C \] 5. **Apply the limits of integration**: \[ \left[ 100 \ln|Q + 2| \right]_0^3 - \left[ 20Q \right]_0^3 \] 6. **Evaluate the definite integrals**: \[ \left[ 100 \ln|Q + 2| \right]_0^3 = 100 \ln(5) - 100 \ln(2) \] \[ \left[ 20Q \right]_0^3 = 20(3) - 20(0) = 60 \] 7. **Combine the results**: \[ 100 \ln(5) - 100 \ln(2) - 60 \] \[ 100 (\ln(5) - \ln(2)) - 60 \] \[ 100 \ln\left(\frac{5}{2}\right) - 60 \] 8. **Calculate the numerical value**: \[ 100 \ln\left(\frac{5}{2}\right) - 60 \approx 100 \times 0.9163 - 60 \approx 91.63 - 60 \approx 31.63 \] So, the consumer surplus is approximately \( 31.6291 \). The correct answer is: - \( 31.6291 \)

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