In the early part of the 20th century, experiments were carried out in which alphaparticles were directed at thin sheets of metal.A few alpha particles were deviated through small angles and a very small proportionwere reflected back.(a) The diagram represents an alpha particle reflected back through 180° as itapproached the nucleus of a gold atom.path of alpha particle nucleus ofgold atomCalculate the maximum acceleration of the alpha particle as it reaches the point ofminimum separation from the nucleus. Assume that the gold nucleus remains at rest.speed of alpha particle = 1.74 × 107 m s−1mass of alpha particle = 6.64 × 10−27 kgatomic number of gold = 79

To calculate the maximum acceleration of the alpha particle as it reaches the point of minimum separation from the nucleus, we need to use the formula for acceleration, which is force divided by mass.

The force acting on the alpha particle is the electrostatic force between the alpha particle and the gold nucleus. This force can be calculated using Coulomb's law, which states that the force between two charges is equal to the product of the charges divided by the square of the distance between them.

The charge of the alpha particle is +2e (since an alpha particle is a helium nucleus with 2 protons) and the charge of the gold nucleus is +79e (since the atomic number of gold is 79). The distance of closest approach can be calculated using the principle of conservation of energy.

The kinetic energy of the alpha particle is converted into potential energy at the point of closest approach. The kinetic energy is given by 1/2 mv^2, where m is the mass of the alpha particle and v is its speed. The potential energy is given by kQq/r, where k is Coulomb's constant, Q and q are the charges of the gold nucleus and the alpha particle respectively, and r is the distance of closest approach.

Setting these two equal to each other and solving for r gives the distance of closest approach.

Once we have the distance of closest approach, we can substitute it into Coulomb's law to find the force, and then divide by the mass of the alpha particle to find the acceleration.

This is a complex calculation that requires knowledge of physics and calculus, and the exact numbers will depend on the specific values given for the speed and mass of the alpha particle, and the atomic number of gold.