Which of the following was the main reason for the formation of the Swaraj Party?

The main reason for the formation of the Swaraj Party was the dissatisfaction with the non-cooperation movement and the decision of the Indian National Congress to withdraw the movement post the Chauri Chaura incident in 1922.

Here are the steps explaining the formation:

1. The non-cooperation movement led by Mahatma Gandhi had gained significant momentum in India against British rule. However, the violent incident at Chauri Chaura, Uttar Pradesh, led Gandhi to call off the movement.

2. This decision was met with opposition from various leaders within the Indian National Congress who believed in the continuation of the movement. They were not in favor of completely withdrawing the movement just because of a single violent incident.

3. Leaders like C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru were among those who opposed Gandhi's decision. They believed in the need for a more aggressive approach towards achieving self-rule (Swaraj) and were not satisfied with the idea of non-violent civil disobedience.

4. As a result, these leaders, along with their followers, decided to split from the Indian National Congress and formed a new party in January 1923, which was named the Swaraj Party. The main aim of this party was to achieve Swaraj or self-rule.

5. The Swaraj Party decided to enter the legislative council to sabotage the British government's actions from within. This was a significant shift from the Indian National Congress's policy of boycotting the British institutions.

So, the main reason for the formation of the Swaraj Party was the disagreement with the decision to withdraw the non-cooperation movement and the desire to adopt a more aggressive approach towards achieving self-rule.