A factory produces components of which 5% are defective. Components are packed in boxes of 10. A box is selected at random. What is the probability that there are at least 5 defective components in the box?Question 23Select one:a.0.599b.0.401c.0.000d.1.000
Question
A factory produces components of which 5% are defective. Components are packed in boxes of 10. A box is selected at random. What is the probability that there are at least 5 defective components in the box?Question 23Select one:a.0.599b.0.401c.0.000d.1.000
Solution
To solve this problem, we need to use the binomial probability formula, which is:
P(X=k) = C(n, k) * (p^k) * ((1-p)^(n-k))
where:
- P(X=k) is the probability of k successes in n trials
- C(n, k) is the combination of n items taken k at a time
- p is the probability of success
- n is the number of trials
- k is the number of successes
In this case, we want to find the probability that there are at least 5 defective components in a box of 10. This means we want to find P(X>=5).
However, calculating P(X>=5) directly can be quite complex. It's easier to find the probability of the complementary event (i.e., the event that there are less than 5 defective components in the box) and then subtract this from 1.
So, we need to find P(X<5) = P(X=0) + P(X=1) + P(X=2) + P(X=3) + P(X=4), and then subtract this from 1 to get P(X>=5).
Given that the probability of a component being defective is 5% (or 0.05), and the box contains 10 components, we can substitute these values into the binomial probability formula to find P(X=k) for k=0, 1, 2, 3, and 4.
Finally, we add up these probabilities to get P(X<5), and subtract this from 1 to get P(X>=5).
This calculation can be quite complex and may require the use of a calculator or software that can handle binomial probabilities.
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