Calcium and other minerals are essential for healthy teeth and bones. Tablets can be takento provide these minerals.(a) Boron is a non-metal with a macromolecular structure.(i) What is the valency of boron?...........................................................................(ii) Predict two physical properties of boron.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................(iii) Name another element and a compound that have macromolecular structures.element …………………..compound ………………………(iv) Sketch the structure of one of the above macromolecular substances.[7]Healthy BonesEach tablet containscalciummagnesiumzinccopperboronPhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
Question
Calcium and other minerals are essential for healthy teeth and bones. Tablets can be takento provide these minerals.(a) Boron is a non-metal with a macromolecular structure.(i) What is the valency of boron?...........................................................................(ii) Predict two physical properties of boron.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................(iii) Name another element and a compound that have macromolecular structures.element …………………..compound ………………………(iv) Sketch the structure of one of the above macromolecular substances.[7]Healthy BonesEach tablet containscalciummagnesiumzinccopperboronPhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
Solution
(i) The valency of boron is 3. This is because boron has three electrons in its outer shell and it can lose these electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.
(ii) Two physical properties of boron are:
- Boron is a hard, brittle crystalline solid.
- It has a high melting point (2076 degrees Celsius).
(iii) Another element that has a macromolecular structure is carbon. A compound that has a macromolecular structure is silicon dioxide (SiO2).
(iv) The structure of silicon dioxide (SiO2) is a giant covalent structure. Each silicon atom is covalently bonded to four oxygen atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement, and each oxygen atom is covalently bonded to two silicon atoms. This forms a three-dimensional network of strong covalent bonds, which gives silicon dioxide its high melting point and hardness.
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