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Which of these two molecules (BF3 and NH3) have polar covalent bonds? NH3noneBF3BF3 and NH3

Question

Which of these two molecules (BF3 and NH3) have polar covalent bonds? NH3noneBF3BF3 and NH3

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Solution

Both BF3 and NH3 have polar covalent bonds.

In NH3 (Ammonia), Nitrogen (N) is more electronegative than Hydrogen (H). Therefore, the electrons in the bond are more attracted to Nitrogen, creating a dipole moment (a measure of the polarity of a system) and making the bond polar covalent.

In BF3 (Boron Trifluoride), Boron (B) is less electronegative than Fluorine (F). Therefore, the electrons in the bond are more attracted to Fluorine, creating a dipole moment and making the bond polar covalent.

However, it's important to note that while both molecules have polar covalent bonds, BF3 as a whole molecule is nonpolar because the dipole moments of the three B-F bonds cancel each other out due to the molecule's symmetrical trigonal planar shape. On the other hand, NH3 is a polar molecule because it has a trigonal pyramidal shape, and the dipole moments do not cancel out.

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