Three living species X, Y and Z share a common ancestor T as do the extinct species A and B. A group that consists of (T, A and B ) but not X, Y and make up a ......................Question 6Answera.A paraphyletic groupb.A monophyletic groupc.A sister pair and an outgroupd.A polyphyletic group
Question
Three living species X, Y and Z share a common ancestor T as do the extinct species A and B. A group that consists of (T, A and B ) but not X, Y and make up a ......................Question 6Answera.A paraphyletic groupb.A monophyletic groupc.A sister pair and an outgroupd.A polyphyletic group
Solution
The group that consists of (T, A and B) but not X, Y is a paraphyletic group.
Here's why:
a. A paraphyletic group includes an ancestor and some, but not all, of its descendants. In this case, T is the common ancestor of A, B, X, Y, and Z. However, the group only includes T, A, and B, not all descendants (X, Y, and Z are excluded). Hence, it's a paraphyletic group.
b. A monophyletic group includes an ancestor and all of its descendants. This option is incorrect because X, Y, and Z are not included in the group.
c. A sister pair and an outgroup refers to two closely related species (the sister pair) and a third species that is less closely related to the first two (the outgroup). This option is incorrect because there are more than two species in the group.
d. A polyphyletic group includes species but not their common ancestor. This option is incorrect because the group includes T, the common ancestor.
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