W. I. Thomas famously argued that “if men define situations as real,Group of answer choicesothers will label them as deviant.”it will lead to tertiary deviance.”they will be forced to provide evidence.”they are real in their consequences.”

The rational choice/exchange theory of deviance can be best described as:Group of answer choicesUnderstanding how one's associations affect our actionsLooking at the inner and outer controls and making a decisionWeighing the risks and rewards and making a decisionNone of the above

Robert Merton asserts that the type of deviance people engage in depends on __________.A.their upbringing and family structureB.the perceived role of conflict, or strains, in their lifeC.their exposure to stressful life conditionsD.whether society provides them with means to achieve cultural goals

Robert Merton’s structural strain theory sees deviance as the result of a person’s position in a social structure. What do you think Jack Katz, author of Seductions of Crime, would say about structural strain theory?Group of answer choicesMerton’s analysis fails because it does not understand that some people will reject both mainstream cultural goals and the institutionalized means to achieve them.Merton’s analysis was correct in that background factors are almost always the most effective way to predict who will commit deviant acts.A focus on social position fails to consider the emotional appeal that a deviant act has for an individual.Merton needs to look at a broader range of background factors, including age and sexuality.

Which theorists are most likely to emphasize that the study of deviance reveals how the powerful exert authority over the powerless by taking away their free will to think and act as they might choose?Group of answer choicesrational choice theoristsfunctionalist theoristssymbolic interactionistspostmodern theorists

Which of the following is an example of deviance, as described in the text?Group of answer choicesA person rides a horse.A dog bites a man.A cat scratches a woman.A fish catches a person.