what were the periods of the roman army and what happened in each?

The Roman Army went through several periods, each with its own unique characteristics and events:

1. Regal Period (753-509 BC): This was the period of the Roman Kingdom, where the army was made up of a levy of Roman citizens who owned land. The army was led by the king of Rome.

2. Early Republic (509-107 BC): During this period, the Roman army was a part-time force of peasant farmers who would go to war in order to defend their lands and city. The army was organized into legions, and the soldiers provided their own weapons and equipment.

3. Late Republic (107-30 BC): This period saw the transformation of the Roman army from a part-time citizen militia to a professional standing army. This was largely due to the reforms of Gaius Marius, who made the army a full-time profession, paid by the state and open to all Roman citizens.

4. Early Empire (30 BC-AD 284): During this period, the Roman army was a professional, standing army that was paid and supplied by the state. The army was used to expand the Roman Empire, and it was during this period that the Roman Empire reached its greatest extent.

5. Late Empire (AD 284-476): This period saw the decline of the Roman Empire. The army was increasingly made up of foreign mercenaries who were not loyal to Rome. This, along with other factors, led to the fall of the Western Roman Empire in AD 476.