4.Fighting WWII: European FrontFor the United States, WWII was simultaneously fought in Europe and in the Pacific, a war involving sixteen million American men mobilized into the armed forces—405,000 of whom lost their lives. Roosevelt joined the Allied Powers. He built a close partnership with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and later with Soviet premier Joseph Stalin in the fight against Nazi Germany. The United States did become the arsenal of democracy, supplying some $50 billion in desperately needed weapons and equipment to the British, Soviets, and other Allied Forces during the war. In the war itself, a great worldwide battle of values, forms of government, and economic systems was underway, pitting liberal democracy against fascism, Nazism, and communism. In his January 1941 State of the Union Address—often called the Four Freedoms speech—Roosevelt cast the war as a fight for four universal human freedoms: freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom from want, and freedom from fear.America fought with the Allied Powers – Britain, France, and the Soviet Union – on a multi-front war in Russia, Western Europe, and North Africa. Aerial fire-bombing, known by the Germans as blitzkrieg, or lightning war¸ was used by both sides to destroy European cities like London, which was bombed for 37 straight weeks. After a flawed winter-time invasion of Russia, Hitler’s troops suffered a devastating siege and defeat in the Battle of Stalingrad. All that was left was a defeat in Western Europe. Allied troops staged a brilliant tactical invasion of France, purposefully misleading German intelligence about the location of the attack, and then launching a surprise air-and-sea attack on France’s beaches. The attack on June 4, 1944, known as D-Day, was the largest sea attack in world history, and marked an end to Hilter’s power. After D-Day, the days of the German resistance were numbered. Paris was liberated in August 1944 as the Allies pushed slowly eastward. When the Allies entered Berlin, they discovered that the mastermind of all the destruction — Adolf Hitler — had committed suicide. With little left to sustain any sort of resistance, the Germans surrendered on May 8, 1945, known as V-E (Victory in Europe) Day.Following the defeat of the Nazi regime, the full devastation of the Holocaust was at last revealed. American soldiers saw humans that looked more like skeletons, gas chambers, crematoriums, and countless victims. Although American government officials were aware of atrocities against Jews, the sheer horror of the Holocaust of 12 million Jews, Communists, Roma, LGBTQ+ people, and anyone else Hitler had deemed deviant was unknown to its fullest extent.5.Fighting WWIII: Pacific Front and the Atomic BombThe United States engaged in a long, bloody, complicated battle against Japan. Fought mostly on islands in the Pacific Ocean, these battles were waged largely by naval and airforce attacks, though hand-to-hand combat in island jungles became brutal. Prisoners of war were often tortured on both sides, and casualties were high. Pearl Harbor was only the beginning of Japanese assaults on American territory in the Pacific. Two days after attacking Pearl Harbor, they seized Guam, and soon after took control of the Philippines. There, the Japanese inflicted the Bataan Death March, a brutal 85-mile march forced on American and Filipino Prisoners of War. 16,000 perished along the way.The Battle at Midway marked a turning point in power. Japan failed to capture the strategic island of Midway, and was significantly weakened. U.S. troops began a strategy of island hopping, or strategically attacking and conquering islands that moved them close to Japanese mainland. The capture of two key Japanese islands, Iwo Jima and Okinawa, cleared the way for an all-out assault on Japan. However, despite heavy losses, the Japanese refused to surrender. Pride and a fierce dedication to country and emperor motivated Japanese soldier to fight to the death, and never surrender. They intensified the attacks on American ships with suicide mission Kamikaze flights, where pilots flew themselves, and their planes, into enemy ships.QUESTION 610 pointsHow was fighting Japan on the Pacific Front different than fighting Germany on the European front?