why electronegativity decreases down a group?
Question
why electronegativity decreases down a group?
Solution
Electronegativity decreases down a group due to several reasons:
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Increase in Atomic Size: As we move down a group in the periodic table, the atomic size increases. This is because new energy levels are being added as we go down a group. The increase in atomic size means that the nucleus is further away from the valence electrons (the outermost electrons involved in chemical reactions).
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Shielding Effect: The increase in energy levels also means an increase in the number of inner shell electrons. These inner shell electrons shield the valence electrons from the attractive force of the nucleus. This is known as the shielding effect.
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Less Nuclear Attraction: Due to the increased distance and the shielding effect, the nucleus has less attraction for the valence electrons. This means that the atom is less able to attract electrons from other atoms, which is what electronegativity measures.
Therefore, as we move down a group in the periodic table, electronegativity decreases.
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