1 Petroleum is a source of many important chemicals.(a) Name two industrial processes which must take place to produce alkenes from petroleum....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Question
1 Petroleum is a source of many important chemicals.(a) Name two industrial processes which must take place to produce alkenes from petroleum....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Solution
The two industrial processes that must take place to produce alkenes from petroleum are:
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Fractional Distillation: This is the first step in the refining of petroleum. In this process, crude oil is heated and different hydrocarbon chains are separated based on their boiling points. The lighter fractions, including gases such as ethene and propene, are collected at the top of the distillation column.
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Cracking: This is the second step where heavier fractions obtained from the fractional distillation are broken down into lighter, more useful hydrocarbons. This process can be carried out in a number of ways including thermal cracking, steam cracking, and catalytic cracking. The alkenes produced in this process are used in the production of polymers and other chemicals.
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