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Two tug boats are towing a large boat, of mass 15 000 kg, in an easterly direction in the channel towards the dock. The first tug boat is pulling with a force of F = 8000N 2 1 at an angle of 28° north of the forward motion and the second tug boat is pulling with a force of F = 8250N at an angle θ south of the forward motion. If there is a resistive force of 4200 N opposing the eastern motion of the large boat, calculate the easterly force acting on the large boat, to the nearest newton.

Question

Two tug boats are towing a large boat, of mass 15 000 kg, in an easterly direction in the channel towards the dock. The first tug boat is pulling with a force of F = 8000N 2 1 at an angle of 28° north of the forward motion and the second tug boat is pulling with a force of F = 8250N at an angle θ south of the forward motion. If there is a resistive force of 4200 N opposing the eastern motion of the large boat, calculate the easterly force acting on the large boat, to the nearest newton.

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Solution

Para resolver este problema, debemos descomponer las fuerzas en sus componentes y luego sumar las componentes en la dirección este y norte-sur. Aquí están los pasos detallados:

  1. Descomposición de las fuerzas:

    • La primera fuerza F1=8000N F_1 = 8000 \, \text{N} está a un ángulo de 28° al norte del este.

      • Componente este de F1 F_1 : F1x=8000cos(28°) F_{1x} = 8000 \cos(28°)
      • Componente norte de F1 F_1 : F1y=8000sin(28°) F_{1y} = 8000 \sin(28°)
    • La segunda fuerza F2=8250N F_2 = 8250 \, \text{N} está a un ángulo θ al sur del este.

      • Componente este de F2 F_2 : F2x=8250cos(θ) F_{2x} = 8250 \cos(θ)
      • Componente sur de F2 F_2 : F2y=8250sin(θ) F_{2y} = 8250 \sin(θ)
  2. Sumar las componentes en la dirección este:

    • La fuerza total en la dirección este es la suma de las componentes este de F1 F_1 y F2 F_2 , menos la fuerza resistiva.
    • Feste=F1x+F2x4200 F_{\text{este}} = F_{1x} + F_{2x} - 4200
  3. Calcular las componentes:

    • F1x=8000cos(28°)8000×0.88297063.2N F_{1x} = 8000 \cos(28°) \approx 8000 \times 0.8829 \approx 7063.2 \, \text{N}
    • F2x=8250cos(θ) F_{2x} = 8250 \cos(θ)
  4. Sumar las componentes este y restar la fuerza resistiva:

    • Feste=7063.2+8250cos(θ)4200 F_{\text{este}} = 7063.2 + 8250 \cos(θ) - 4200
  5. Determinar el ángulo θ:

    • Para que la fuerza en la dirección norte-sur se cancele, las componentes norte y sur deben ser iguales.
    • F1y=F2y F_{1y} = F_{2y}
    • 8000sin(28°)=8250sin(θ) 8000 \sin(28°) = 8250 \sin(θ)
    • 8000×0.46953756N 8000 \times 0.4695 \approx 3756 \, \text{N}
    • 3756=8250sin(θ) 3756 = 8250 \sin(θ)
    • sin(θ)=375682500.455 \sin(θ) = \frac{3756}{8250} \approx 0.455
    • θsin1(0.455)27.1° θ \approx \sin^{-1}(0.455) \approx 27.1°
  6. Calcular la componente este de F2 F_2 :

    • F2x=8250cos(27.1°)8250×0.8917350.75N F_{2x} = 8250 \cos(27.1°) \approx 8250 \times 0.891 \approx 7350.75 \, \text{N}
  7. Sumar las componentes este y restar la fuerza resistiva:

    • Feste=7063.2+7350.75420010214N F_{\text{este}} = 7063.2 + 7350.75 - 4200 \approx 10214 \, \text{N}

Por lo tanto, la fuerza en dirección este que actúa sobre el gran barco es aproximadamente 10214 N.

This problem has been solved

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