An aluminium wire of diameter 0.24 cm is connected in series to a copper wire of diameter 0.16 cm. The wires carry an electric current of 10 A. Determine the current density in aluminium wire.
Question
An aluminium wire of diameter 0.24 cm is connected in series to a copper wire of diameter 0.16 cm. The wires carry an electric current of 10 A. Determine the current density in aluminium wire.
Solution
To find the current density, we need to use the formula:
J = I / A
where: J = current density I = current A = area of the wire
The area of a wire can be found using the formula for the area of a circle (since the cross section of a wire is a circle):
A = πr²
where r is the radius of the wire. The radius is half the diameter, so for the aluminium wire, r = 0.24 cm / 2 = 0.12 cm.
First, we need to convert the radius from cm to m (since we're working with SI units), so r = 0.12 cm * 0.01 = 0.0012 m.
Now we can find the area of the aluminium wire:
A = π * (0.0012 m)² = 4.52 * 10^-6 m²
Finally, we can find the current density:
J = I / A = 10 A / 4.52 * 10^-6 m² = 2.21 * 10^6 A/m²
So, the current density in the aluminium wire is 2.21 * 10^6 A/m².
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