When heated, ammonium metavanadate decomposes according to the reaction below.2 NH4VO3 → V2O5 + 2 NH3 + H2OWhich of the following statements correctly describes the oxidation state of vanadium during the reaction?A.The oxidation state of vanadium changes from +6 to +5.B.The oxidation state of vanadium changes from −1 to 0.C.The oxidation state of vanadium is 0 and does not change during the reaction.D.The oxidation state of vanadium is +5 and does not change during the reaction.
Question
When heated, ammonium metavanadate decomposes according to the reaction below.2 NH4VO3 → V2O5 + 2 NH3 + H2OWhich of the following statements correctly describes the oxidation state of vanadium during the reaction?A.The oxidation state of vanadium changes from +6 to +5.B.The oxidation state of vanadium changes from −1 to 0.C.The oxidation state of vanadium is 0 and does not change during the reaction.D.The oxidation state of vanadium is +5 and does not change during the reaction.
Solution
The correct answer is A. The oxidation state of vanadium changes from +6 to +5.
Here's the step-by-step explanation:
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In the reactant ammonium metavanadate (NH4VO3), the oxidation state of vanadium (V) is +6. This is because the oxidation state of hydrogen (H) is +1, oxygen (O) is -2, and nitrogen (N) is -3. The compound is neutral, so the sum of the oxidation states is zero. Therefore, the oxidation state of vanadium is +6.
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In the product vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), the oxidation state of vanadium is +5. This is because the oxidation state of oxygen is -2, and the compound is neutral. Therefore, the oxidation state of vanadium is +5.
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Therefore, during the reaction, the oxidation state of vanadium changes from +6 in the reactant to +5 in the product.
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