Which compound has the lowest boiling point?Multiple Choicegraphic Butane, represented by its structural formula, has a 4-carbon chain. C1 and C4 are methyl groups. C2 and C3 are methylene groups.Expand imagegraphic Propanol has a 3-carbon chain. C1 is a methylene group and single bonded to a hydroxyl group. C2 is also methylene group. C3 is a methyl group.Expand imagegraphic The compound, represented by its structural formula, has a central oxygen atom single bonded to a methyl group and an ethyl group.Expand image
Question
Which compound has the lowest boiling point?Multiple Choicegraphic Butane, represented by its structural formula, has a 4-carbon chain. C1 and C4 are methyl groups. C2 and C3 are methylene groups.Expand imagegraphic Propanol has a 3-carbon chain. C1 is a methylene group and single bonded to a hydroxyl group. C2 is also methylene group. C3 is a methyl group.Expand imagegraphic The compound, represented by its structural formula, has a central oxygen atom single bonded to a methyl group and an ethyl group.Expand image
Solution
The boiling point of a compound is influenced by the type of intermolecular forces present. The stronger the intermolecular forces, the higher the boiling point.
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Butane: This is an alkane with only dispersion forces (the weakest intermolecular force) present.
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Propanol: This is an alcohol, and alcohols have hydrogen bonding (a strong intermolecular force) due to the presence of an -OH group.
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The compound with a central oxygen atom single bonded to a methyl group and an ethyl group: This is an ether. Ethers have dipole-dipole interactions (an intermediate strength intermolecular force) due to the presence of an oxygen atom, but they do not have hydrogen bonding like alcohols.
Therefore, out of these three compounds, butane, which only has dispersion forces, would have the lowest boiling point.
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Item61.5pointseBookPrintReferencesCheck my workCheck My Work button is now disabledItem 6Which compound has the lowest boiling point?Multiple Choicegraphic Butane, represented by its structural formula, has a 4-carbon chain. C1 and C4 are methyl groups. C2 and C3 are methylene groups.Expand imagegraphic Propanol has a 3-carbon chain. C1 is a methylene group and single bonded to a hydroxyl group. C2 is also methylene group. C3 is a methyl group.Expand imagegraphic The compound, represented by its structural formula, has a central oxygen atom single bonded to a methyl group and an ethyl group.Expand imagegraphic Structural formula show a central oxygen atom single bonded to a methyl group (right) and chain of 3 carbons (left).Expand image
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