Decide if the following statements about masculinity versus femininity are TRUE or FALSE(Explain your reasoning):1. Masculine cultures prioritize success, assertiveness, and competition.2. Feminine cultures prioritize caring for others, cooperation, and quality of life.3. In a feminine culture, men are expected to focus on work and career.4. Masculine cultures value relationships and cooperation over competition.5. Masculine cultures tend to have a more relaxed and supportive work environment.6. Masculine cultures are more prevalent in Latin American countries.7. The Hanseatic League influenced the development of feminine cultures in north-westernEurope.8. The Old Testament reflects the more tender values of Christianity.9. Masculine cultures value pleasure in lovemaking more than reproductive aspects.10. Masculine cultures have a more analytical approach to shopping.11. In masculine cultures, conflicts are usually solved through compromise and negotiation.12. The Netherlands is a feminine culture with a strong emphasis on DIY carpentry.13. In a masculine culture, teachers place a greater emphasis on grades and performance.14. Masculine cultures value facts and figures more in education.15. Feminine cultures use celebrities more frequently in advertising.16. Representatives of feminine cultures use a lot of superlatives in their communication.17. Masculine cultures tend to demonstrate their strength and success through extravagantpurchases.18. The Law of Jante promotes modesty and equality in feminine cultures.19. Failure in school is seen as less serious in feminine cultures.20. In feminine cultures, teachers’ social skills play a more important role in evaluation.21. In feminine cultures, status purchases are more common than in masculine cultures.22. Masculine cultures tend to have more families with two cars compared to feminine cultures.23. In a feminine culture, the work-life balance is highly emphasized.24. In a masculine culture, equality is emphasized.25. A masculine cultural dimension values efficiency and productivity

Masculinity versus femininity focuses on the importance of achievement versus affiliation. In masculine societies, the following organizational implication/s is/are validGroup of answer choicessocial rewards are valuedsex roles are clearly differentiatedsoft, intuitive skills rewardedmore women in more qualified jobs

Choose the right answer:1. Which of the following characteristics does not apply to a masculine society?a. live to work b. failure at school is a disaster c. decisive and assertivebosses d. emphasis is on solidarity and quality of working life2. Which of the following characteristics does not apply to a feminine society?a. no strict separation of gender roles b. social orientation c. profitorientation d. compassion and humility3. Hyperbole, exaggeration, persuasion, dreams, great expectations and comparative advertisingreflect which dimension of Hofstede?a. masculinity b. femininity c. individualism d. collectivism4. Feminine cultures tend to be:a. North American b. Scandinavian c. East Africand. both b and c5. Which of the following countries does not have a feminine society?a. Denmark b. Portugal c. France d. Italy6. Which of the following countries does not have a masculine society?a. Hungary b. Russia c. Austria d. USA7. What does the cultural dimension of masculinity vs. femininity not depend on?a. economic wealth b. religion c. history d. sexuality8. Which of the following heroes does not represent a masculine culture?a. Rasmus Klump b. John Bull c. Uncle Sam D. William Tell9. What is according to Geert Hofstede the Scandinavian representation of a feminine approachregarding education and professional life?a. Hygge b. Lagom c. Janteloven d. Lykke10. What is not a feature of femininity in the family?a. both parents are dominant b. balanced distribution of roles between men andwomen c. parents are responsible for quality of life and interpersonalrelationships d. boys do not cry and will fight back when attacked11. Which of the following is not considered a characteristic of masculinity in school?a. failure at school is disaster b. teachers are more likely to praise weaker studentsc. the best student is the norm in school d. the teacher’s professionalqualifications and academic reputation are very important12. Which of the following is not considered a characteristic of masculinity when shopping?a. status purchases b. more non-fiction books are bought c. more moneyspent on domestic needs d. more families with two cars13. Which of the following is not considered a characteristic of femininity in the workplace?a. conflicts are resolved through a fair fight b. principle of equalityc. work to live d. the service sector is more developed14. Which leadership style is primarily used in countries with a feminine culture?a. paternalistic b. democratic c. autocratic d. laissez faire15. What is highly prized in a masculine culture?a. teamwork b. individual achievement c. emotional expressivenessd. compassion16. What is the focus in a feminine culture?a. competition b. control c. work-life balance d. power17. What is not valued in a masculine culture?a. power b. individualism c. emotional expressiveness d. competition18. What is the main goal in a feminine culture?a. individual growth b. balancing work and personal life c. achievingsuccess through competition d. maintaining control19. In a feminine culture, what is the focus when making decisions?a. consensus b. personal ambition c. power and control d. competition20. In a masculine culture, what is the focus when working with others?a. cooperation b. competition c. collaboration d. independence21. In a feminine culture, what is the focus regarding family responsibilities?a. prioritizing work b. prioritizing family responsibilities c. individualsuccess d. corporate social responsibility22. What is the focus in a masculine culture regarding emotions?a. emotional expressiveness b. emotional control c. emotional detachmentd. emotional suppression.23. What is the focus in a feminine culture regarding education?a. collaboration b. individual achievement c. competitiond. interdependence24. What is the focus in a masculine culture regarding decision-making?a. personal ambition b. consensus c. power and control d. competition

Identify masculinity or femininity in the following examples:1. a woman is offered a promotion to a management position, but declines it because she valueswork-life balance over career advancement2. a man is criticized for showing emotions in a work meeting, as his colleagues’ view emotionalexpressiveness as a negative trait3. a company implements policies that prioritize family-friendly benefits, such as flexible workhours and paid parental leave4. a man is praised for his assertiveness and competitiveness in the workplace5. a man is expected to provide for his family financially, as the breadwinner role is a culturalvalue in society6. a culture that prioritizes emotional intelligence and empathy, leading to a more supportive andinclusive work environment7. the company culture values hierarchy and power8. a man who prioritizes work-life balance is seen as less committed to his career9. a man is criticized for taking on care-giving responsibilities for his family, as it goes againstcultural expectations of the role as provider and protector10. a company values risk-taking and innovation, leading to a fast-paced and dynamic workenvironment11. a woman who takes on a leadership role is expected to adopt traits, such as assertiveness andcompetitiveness, to be taken seriously in the workplace12. a culture that values power and status, leading to a hierarchical and unequal work environment13. a manager promoting aggressive and competitive behaviour in the workplace, makingdecisions based on individual achievement and competition14. a male employee being praised for being empathetic and supportive15. a culture prioritizing environmental sustainability and corporate social responsibilityComparative16. a culture promoting diversity and inclusion in the workplace17. a culture advocating for a strong welfare state and government support for citizens18. a culture valuing technological advancements and innovation19. a culture promoting the responsible use of technology and protection of the environment20. an economy emphasizing profits and growth over social welfare and equality

Decide if the following traits are typical for a masculine or a feminine culture:1. emphasis on work-life balance2. high levels of social welfare support3. gender equality and equal opportunities4. emphasis on competition and success5. prioritization of collaboration and teamwork in the workplace6. strong emphasis on discipline and hard work7. strict work ethics and expectations for long hours8. high level of support for families and children9. active promotion of environmental sustainability10. emphasis on industries such as finance, technology, and engineering11. strong emphasis on community and social responsibility12. disregard for environmental sustainability in business practices13. emphasis on stoicism and hiding emotions14. promoting diversity and inclusivityfffmmfmfmfmf15. a strong welfare state providing support for health, education and social services16. decentralized decision making and consensus-based approach17. disregard for creativity and alternative forms of thinking in business practices18. high levels of transparency and accountability in government and business practices19. both men and women are acknowledged to be sensitive and caring about human relationships20. work in order to live21. boys and girls choose different subjects22. girls cry, boys don’t, boys should fight back when attacked, girls don’t23. failing in school isn't that bad24. in the family, the father is responsible for facts and the mother for feelings25. failure in school is a disaster26. boys and girls choose the same subjects27. large proportion of women in elected political offices28. live in order to work29. best student is the norm30. friendliness in teachers appreciated

Which of the following statements is FALSE?Group of answer choicesGender is a cultural construct.Gender identities that fall outside the male-female binary have existed for centuries.Gender inequality affects both men and women.The gender wage gap can be explained by women choosing lower paying jobs.