(3 POINTS) What is the minimum number of students, each of whom comes from one ofthe 54 African countries, who must be enrolled at Ashesi university to guarantee thatthere are at least 5 who come from the same country? Explain.
Question
(3 POINTS) What is the minimum number of students, each of whom comes from one ofthe 54 African countries, who must be enrolled at Ashesi university to guarantee thatthere are at least 5 who come from the same country? Explain.
Solution
To guarantee that there are at least 5 students who come from the same African country, we can use the Pigeonhole Principle. This principle states that if n items are put into m containers and n > m, then at least one container must contain more than one item.
In this case, the 'items' are the students and the 'containers' are the African countries.
Step 1: We have 54 African countries, so we can have 54 students, each from a different country.
Step 2: If we add another student, then according to the Pigeonhole Principle, we must have at least one country that has 2 students.
Step 3: We continue this process until we have at least one country that has 5 students. This means we need to add 4 more students to the initial 54 students.
So, the minimum number of students, each of whom comes from one of the 54 African countries, who must be enrolled at Ashesi university to guarantee that there are at least 5 who come from the same country is 54 + 4 = 58 students.
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