Calculate the volume of water that needs to be added to dilute 40.0 cm3 of 0.600 mol dm−3 HCl(aq) solution to a concentration of 0.100 mol dm–3.

To calculate the volume of water that needs to be added to dilute the HCl solution, we first need to find out how many moles of HCl are present in the original solution.

Step 1: Calculate the moles of HCl in the original solution The number of moles of HCl can be calculated using the formula: Moles = Concentration x Volume So, Moles of HCl = 0.600 mol/dm^3 x 40.0 cm^3 x (1 dm^3/1000 cm^3) = 0.024 mol

Step 2: Calculate the final volume of the solution We know that the final concentration of the solution should be 0.100 mol/dm^3. We can use the formula: Volume = Moles / Concentration So, Final volume = 0.024 mol / 0.100 mol/dm^3 = 0.24 dm^3 or 240 cm^3

Step 3: Calculate the volume of water to be added The volume of water to be added is the final volume minus the initial volume of the HCl solution. So, Volume of water = Final volume - Initial volume = 240 cm^3 - 40.0 cm^3 = 200 cm^3

Therefore, 200 cm^3 of water needs to be added to the HCl solution to dilute it to a concentration of 0.100 mol/dm^3.