n drained direct shear (DS) test, how to find soil stress path to reach failure (i.e. critical state line - CSL)? In the effective normal stress ~ shear stress space, the stress path is a horizontal line to reach CSL. In the effective normal stress ~ shear stress space, the stress path is a vertical line to reach CSL. In the normal effective stress ~ void ratio space, the stress path is a vertical line to reach CSL. In the normal effective stress ~ void ratio space, the stress path is a horizontal line to reach CSL.

The stress path in a drained direct shear (DS) test can be determined in the following ways:

1. In the effective normal stress ~ shear stress space, the stress path is a horizontal line until it reaches the Critical State Line (CSL). This is because in a DS test, the normal stress remains constant while the shear stress increases until failure.

2. In the normal effective stress ~ void ratio space, the stress path is a vertical line until it reaches the CSL. This is because the void ratio changes with the change in shear stress while the normal stress remains constant.

So, the correct answers are:

• In the effective normal stress ~ shear stress space, the stress path is a