If the ductus arteriosus does not spontaneously close off soon after birth (to become the ligamentum arteriosum), it may have to be surgically ligated. When clamping or ligating it, what important structure immediately behind it must be identified and saved? arch of the azygos vein internal thoracic artery left phrenic nerve left recurrent laryngeal nerve left superior intercostal vein

Which of the following becomes ligamentum teres?a.Left umbilical arteryb.Left umbilical veinc.Ductus venosusd.Ductus arterioses

28. Before birth in the mammalian fetal heart, the ductus arteriosus joins the pulmonary artery andthe aorta and the foramen ovale joins the two atria. Why do these modifications disappear hoursafter birth?A. The fetal heart is not yet strong enough to sustain a normal circulation.B. Development of the beating heart is one of the last steps in the maturation of the fetus.C. The pulmonary circulation is bypassed because the fetus is not breathing in the womb.D. Maternal hormones suppress the competing infant circulation via the placenta.E. They act as safety valves to relieve the pressure of the viscous amniotic fluid on the fetal heart.

All of the following are changes that occur to the fetal circulation within minutes of birth EXCEPT for which?A Constriction of the umbilical vesselsB Constriction of the ductus venosusC Constriction of the ductus arteriosusD Constriction of the hepatic portal sinusE Closure of the foramen ovale

Which artery runs posterior to the inguinal ligament?

74. In the adult form of Coarctation of the Aorta, the constriction is seen:a.Distal to ductus arteriosusb.Proximal to ductus arteriosusc.Lateral to ductus arteriosusd.Medial to ductus arteriosus