Which of the following is not a threat to the validity of randomized controlled experiments? a. Data attrition. b. Non-compliance. c. Hawthorne effects. d. No systematic difference between the control group and the treatment group.

Researchers run a randomised control trial within a school. When analysing the data, they realised that children in their control group had been constantly interacting with children in the treatment group and, thus, had been exposed to the intervention. This may be an example of:Spillover effectsSelf-selectionAttritionPartial compliance

Which of the following is NOT a crucial characteristic of an experiment?Multiple choice question.Random assignment of individuals to either an experimental group or a control groupThe experimental manipulation of the independent variableThe ability to infer causationBeing able to observe the participant in a natural setting

The validity of scientific observations is threatened byQuestion 2Answera.reactivity.b.delimiting the choice of behaviors to observe.c.errors of observation.d.all of the these.

Why do researchers need to be cautious in experimental research?a.because artificial settings may alter the behavior of the participantsb.because situation and variables are manipulatedc.because it may be unethical to do experimentsd.because it is dangerous to do experiments

Which of the following best describes a research study that randomly assigns people to different conditions and carefully controls all the other circumstances so that they will be equivalent across the two conditions?experimentcorrelationsurveyobservation