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When a ketone undergoes reduction, what is formed?

Question

When a ketone undergoes reduction, what is formed?

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Solution

When a ketone undergoes reduction, an alcohol is formed. Here are the steps:

  1. The reduction of a ketone starts with the addition of a reducing agent. Common reducing agents include lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) or sodium borohydride (NaBH4).

  2. The reducing agent donates a hydride ion (H-) to the carbonyl carbon of the ketone. This breaks the double bond between the oxygen and carbon in the ketone.

  3. The oxygen atom, now with an extra electron, takes up a proton (H+) from the solvent to form a hydroxyl group (-OH).

  4. The end product is an alcohol, where the carbonyl carbon of the original ketone is now bonded to an -OH group.

This process is a type of reduction reaction because it involves the gain of hydrogen atoms.

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