In watermelons, the gene for green color is dominant over its allele for striped color. At another gene locus, the gene for short shape is dominant over its allele for long shape. These two allele pairs assort independently. If a plant with long, striped fruit is crossed with a plant that is heterozygous for both of these traits, what percentage of the offspring do you expect will be short and green? (Enter the number only without the percent sign, e.g., enter 100% as 100 and enter 12.5% as 12.5)
Question
In watermelons, the gene for green color is dominant over its allele for striped color. At another gene locus, the gene for short shape is dominant over its allele for long shape. These two allele pairs assort independently. If a plant with long, striped fruit is crossed with a plant that is heterozygous for both of these traits, what percentage of the offspring do you expect will be short and green? (Enter the number only without the percent sign, e.g., enter 100% as 100 and enter 12.5% as 12.5)
Solution
To solve this problem, we need to use the principles of Mendelian genetics.
The long, striped fruit plant has the genotype llss (recessive for both traits). The heterozygous plant has the genotype LlSs (dominant for both traits).
We can set up a Punnett square to determine the genotypes of the offspring.
The Punnett square would look like this:
| L | l | |
|---|---|---|
| S | LS | lS |
| s | Ls | ls |
| L | l | |
|---|---|---|
| S | LS | lS |
| s | Ls | ls |
This gives us 16 possible combinations of genotypes.
The combinations that result in short, green fruit are LSLS, LSlS, lSLS, and lSlS.
So, 4 out of 16 possible combinations, or 25% of the offspring, are expected to be short and green.
So, the answer is 25.
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