The normal human physiological response to a DECREASE in blood pressure and volumeincludes which of the following?A. A decrease in arteriole pressure in the juxtagolmerular apparatus results in a decrease in theenzyme rennin.B. An increase in angiotensin II that constricts arterioles and decreases blood flow to the capillaries.C. Aldosterone is released from the kidneys and increases distal tubule reabsorption of sodium.D. Antidiuretic hormone is decreased with the decrease in the blood volume.E. An increase in atrial natriuretic factor from the walls of the atria increases the release of theenzyme rennin
Question
The normal human physiological response to a DECREASE in blood pressure and volumeincludes which of the following?A. A decrease in arteriole pressure in the juxtagolmerular apparatus results in a decrease in theenzyme rennin.B. An increase in angiotensin II that constricts arterioles and decreases blood flow to the capillaries.C. Aldosterone is released from the kidneys and increases distal tubule reabsorption of sodium.D. Antidiuretic hormone is decreased with the decrease in the blood volume.E. An increase in atrial natriuretic factor from the walls of the atria increases the release of theenzyme rennin
Solution
The normal human physiological response to a decrease in blood pressure and volume includes:
B. An increase in angiotensin II that constricts arterioles and decreases blood flow to the capillaries. This is because angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor, which means it narrows (constricts) your blood vessels, increasing blood pressure.
C. Aldosterone is released from the adrenal glands (not the kidneys) and increases distal tubule reabsorption of sodium. This helps to increase blood volume and therefore blood pressure.
D. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is actually increased, not decreased, with a decrease in blood volume. ADH promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, which helps to increase blood volume and therefore blood pressure.
E. An increase in atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) would actually decrease the release of the enzyme renin. ANF is released when the atria of the heart are stretched due to increased blood volume. It promotes the excretion of sodium and water by the kidneys, which decreases blood volume and therefore blood pressure.
A. A decrease in arteriole pressure in the juxtaglomerular apparatus would actually result in an increase in the enzyme renin. Renin is released when blood pressure is low and it acts to increase blood pressure.
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