Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the long-term control of blood pressure?Question 8Select one or more:a.Aldosterone decreases water, sodium and chloride reabsorption at the kidney, increasing blood volume and blood pressure.b.Angiotensin II increases vasoconstriction of arterioles, increasing peripheral resistance and blood pressure.c.In response to falling blood pressure, levels of angiotensin II increase in the blood.d.Angiotensin II increases secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex.e.The kidneys play an important role in the long-term control of blood pressure.
Question
Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the long-term control of blood pressure?Question 8Select one or more:a.Aldosterone decreases water, sodium and chloride reabsorption at the kidney, increasing blood volume and blood pressure.b.Angiotensin II increases vasoconstriction of arterioles, increasing peripheral resistance and blood pressure.c.In response to falling blood pressure, levels of angiotensin II increase in the blood.d.Angiotensin II increases secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex.e.The kidneys play an important role in the long-term control of blood pressure.
Solution
The correct statements regarding the long-term control of blood pressure are:
b. Angiotensin II increases vasoconstriction of arterioles, increasing peripheral resistance and blood pressure. This is true because angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor, which means it narrows the blood vessels. This increases the resistance to blood flow, thereby increasing blood pressure.
c. In response to falling blood pressure, levels of angiotensin II increase in the blood. This is true because when blood pressure falls, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated, leading to the production of more angiotensin II.
d. Angiotensin II increases secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex. This is true because angiotensin II stimulates the adrenal glands to release aldosterone, a hormone that increases sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys, which in turn increases blood volume and blood pressure.
e. The kidneys play an important role in the long-term control of blood pressure. This is true because the kidneys regulate blood volume by controlling the amount of water excreted in the urine. They also release renin, which activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, a key regulator of blood pressure.
Statement a is not true. Aldosterone actually increases water, sodium and chloride reabsorption at the kidney, which increases blood volume and blood pressure, not decreases them.
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