RECAP – DNA standards of known sizes (the “DNA ladder”) were loaded into the first well of the gel.  Samples of the PCR products from the WT and CRISPR-Cas9-treated N. tabacum (A – E) were loaded into the remaining wells.  An electric current was applied to drive the DNA through the gel.  The DNA was stained and the gel was viewed under ultraviolet light and an orange filter.ResultsThe results of the gel run are below. Complete the drag and drop activity so that the results can be analysed.Complete the questions below to analyse the data1. QuestionEnter a numerical value top estimate the sizes (in base pairs, bp) for each of the PCR fragments in the lanes for the N. tabacum samples:WT: bpA: bpB: bpC: bpD: bpE: bp (largest fragement) & bp (smallest fragment)2. QuestionEvaluate the results:The scientists want to conduct tests on plants in which the SSU gene has been disabled by a CRISPR-Cas9 deletion. Based on the data, select the plants (A-E) that you would continue to work with. A B C D E3. QuestionJustify your conclusion:

During gel electrophoresis, the DNA sample is mixed with the tracking dye, in order to Choose one answer. Visualize DNA bands at the end All of the above To make the sample loading easy To reduce the carcinogenic nature of the material being used

20. During gel electrophoresis, separated DNA fragments can be seen as bright orange coloured bands when they are0/4a. Stained with ethidium bromide and exposed to IR radiation.b. Stained with methylene blue and exposed to UV radiation.c. Stained with methylene blue and exposed to IR radiation.d. Stained with ethidium bromide and exposed to UV radiation. 21. After gel electrophoresis, DNA bands are cut out from agarose gel. This is called0/4a. Elutionb. Transformation c. Denaturationd. AnnealingCorrect answera. Elution 22. A small piece of DNA molecule that can carry a foreign DNA segment and replicate inside the host cells is known as0/4a. Marker geneb. Primerc. Cloning vectord. Ori 23. Autonomously replicating circular extra-chromosomal DNA of bacteria is called0/4a. Marker geneb. Plasmidsc. Cosmidsd. BAC 24. Which of the following cloning vectors has very high copy numbers of their genome?0/4a. Plasmidsb. YACc. Bacteriophagesd. BAC 25. The function of a selectable marker is0/4a. Eliminating tarnsformants and permitting non-transformantsb. Elimination of non-transformants and permitting transformantsc. Identify ori sited. To destroy recognition sites 26. Select the wrong statement.0/4a. Transformation is a procedure through which a piece of DNA is introduced in a host bacterium.b. Selectable markers of E. coli include the genes encoding resistance to antibiotics like ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, etc.c. Normal E. coli cells have resistance against ampicillin, chloramphenicol etc.d. To link the alien DNA, the vector needs a single or very few recognition sites for restriction enzymes.

Identify the tools used to perform DNA extraction and PCR

After a polymerase chain reaction (PCR), agarose gel electrophoresis is often used to:Group of answer choicesverify that the desired DNA sequence has been amplifiedamplify the DNAconvert cDNA into genomic DNAconvert cDNA into messenger RNAsynthesize primer DNA molecules

The results of gel electrophoresis are shown below, with four different strands of DNA labeled.Which strand of DNA is the shortest?A.2B.4C.3D.1