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The average kinetic energy of gas molecules increases with increasing temperature.The average speed of gas molecules decreases with decreasing temperature.The temperature of a gas sample is independent of the average kinetic energy.There are gas molecules that move faster than the average.All the gas molecules in a sample cannot have the same kinetic energy.

Question

The average kinetic energy of gas molecules increases with increasing temperature.The average speed of gas molecules decreases with decreasing temperature.The temperature of a gas sample is independent of the average kinetic energy.There are gas molecules that move faster than the average.All the gas molecules in a sample cannot have the same kinetic energy.

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Solution

The statements provided are mostly correct, but let's break them down one by one:

  1. "The average kinetic energy of gas molecules increases with increasing temperature." - This is correct. According to the kinetic molecular theory, the average kinetic energy of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature. As the temperature increases, the molecules move faster and thus their kinetic energy increases.

  2. "The average speed of gas molecules decreases with decreasing temperature." - This is also correct. As the temperature decreases, the molecules slow down, thus their average speed decreases.

  3. "The temperature of a gas sample is independent of the average kinetic energy." - This is incorrect. As mentioned above, the temperature of a gas is directly proportional to its average kinetic energy. Therefore, they are not independent of each other.

  4. "There are gas molecules that move faster than the average." - This is correct. In a gas sample, the molecules have a range of speeds. Some move slower than the average, some at the average speed, and some faster than the average.

  5. "All the gas molecules in a sample cannot have the same kinetic energy." - This is correct. Due to the random nature of molecular motion, it is highly unlikely that all molecules in a sample would have the exact same kinetic energy.

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