A steel ball of mass ‘m’ falls in a viscous liquid with a terminal velocity 4ms-1. If another steel ball of mass ‘8m’ falls through the same liquid then its terminal velocity is
Question
A steel ball of mass ‘m’ falls in a viscous liquid with a terminal velocity 4ms-1. If another steel ball of mass ‘8m’ falls through the same liquid then its terminal velocity is
Solution
The terminal velocity of an object falling through a viscous medium is given by Stokes' Law, which states that the terminal velocity is directly proportional to the radius squared of the falling object, assuming the medium and the object's material are the same.
In this case, we are told that the second ball has 8 times the mass of the first ball. Since the mass of a sphere is given by the formula m = 4/3 * π * r^3 (where r is the radius), an 8-fold increase in mass implies a 2-fold increase in radius (since the cube root of 8 is 2).
Stokes' Law tells us that the terminal velocity is proportional to the square of the radius, so if the radius doubles, the terminal velocity should increase by a factor of 4. Therefore, the terminal velocity of the second ball should be 4 * 4 = 16 m/s.
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