Discuss the following terms as used in statisticsi. Sampling error (2marks)ii. Non-sampling error (2marks)

i. Sampling Error: This is a statistical error that occurs when an analyst does not select a sample that represents the entire population of data. The two types of sampling errors are systematic (bias) and random sampling error. Systematic error is a predictable error that is consistently present in the data collection process, while random sampling error is unpredictable and occurs because of the randomness and unpredictability of the sample selection process. The smaller the sample, the larger the sampling error is likely to be.

ii. Non-sampling Error: This is a statistical error caused by human error. This includes errors in data collection, processing, or analysis, not including the errors that occur in the sampling process. Non-sampling errors can be attributed to many sources, including response errors, non-response errors, coverage errors, and processing errors. Unlike sampling errors, non-sampling errors can occur in both surveys and censuses. Non-sampling errors are difficult to measure and are often the source of greatest concern in quality control.