10 A large excess of marble chips is reacted with 25 cm 3 of 1.0 mol dm –3 hydrochloric acid at 40 C.How is the result different when the reaction is repeated with 60 cm 3 of 0.5 mol dm –3 hydrochloricacid at 40 C?A The reaction is faster and more of the products are made when the reaction is complete.B The reaction is faster and less of the products are made when the reaction is complete.C The reaction is slower and more of the products are made when the reaction is complete.D The reaction is slower and less of the products are made when the reaction is complete.
Question
10 A large excess of marble chips is reacted with 25 cm 3 of 1.0 mol dm –3 hydrochloric acid at 40 C.How is the result different when the reaction is repeated with 60 cm 3 of 0.5 mol dm –3 hydrochloricacid at 40 C?A The reaction is faster and more of the products are made when the reaction is complete.B The reaction is faster and less of the products are made when the reaction is complete.C The reaction is slower and more of the products are made when the reaction is complete.D The reaction is slower and less of the products are made when the reaction is complete.
Solution
The reaction rate depends on the concentration of the reactants. In the first scenario, we have 25 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm –3 hydrochloric acid, while in the second scenario, we have 60 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm –3 hydrochloric acid.
Even though the volume of hydrochloric acid is more in the second scenario, the molarity is half of that in the first scenario. This means that the concentration of hydrochloric acid is less in the second scenario, which would slow down the reaction rate.
However, because there is a larger volume of hydrochloric acid in the second scenario, more marble chips can react, leading to more products being formed when the reaction is complete.
So, the correct answer is C: The reaction is slower and more of the products are made when the reaction is complete.
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